Investment Valuation in India

CREDIT DERIVATIVES are over-the-counter contracts that allow credit risk to be exchanged across counterparties. A CREDIT DEFAULT SWAP (CDS) is a swap contract in which the buyer of the CDS pays premium (periodic or lump-sum) to the seller and, in exchange, receives a payoff if a credit instrument - typically a bond or loan - goes into default (fails to pay). This event of a default is called a “Credit event”. The payment made by the seller to the buyer is called a “Contingent payment” and is triggered by a credit event (CE) on the underlying credit. These contracts represent the purest form of credit derivatives (hence called Plain Vanilla), as they are not affected by fluctuations in market values as long as the credit event does not occur. Plain Vanilla CDS cater to the largest market share of the Credit Derivatives typically with 5 year maturities. Credit default swaps are often used to manage the credit risk (i.e. the risk of default) which arises from holding debt. Typically, t...

The chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code provides (generally) for reorganization, usually involving a corporation or partnership. A chapter 11 debtor usually proposes a plan of reorganization to keep its business alive and pay creditors over time. People in business or individuals can also seek relief in chapter 11. Who files the petition A petition may be a voluntary petition, which is filed by the debtor, or it may be an involuntary petition, which is filed by creditors that meet certain requirements. The debtor also must file with the court: schedules of assets and liabilities; a schedule of current income and expenditures; a schedule of executory contracts and unexpired leases; and a statement of financial affairs Generally, a written disclosure statement and a plan of reorganization must be filed with the court. The disclosure statement is a document that must contain information concerning the assets, liabilities, and business affairs of the debtor sufficient to enable a cr...

THE SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES ACT, 2005 ESTABLISHMENT OF SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE (Extracts from SEZ Act, 2005) Procedure for making proposal to establish Special Economic Zone. 3. (1) A Special Economic Zone may be established under this Act, either jointly or severally by the Central Government, State Government, or any person for manufacture of goods or rendering services or for both or as a Free Trade and Warehousing Zone. (2) Any person, who intends to set up a Special Economic Zone, may, after identifying the area, make a proposal to the State Government concerned for the purpose of setting up the Special Economic Zone. (3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), any person, who intends to set up a Special Economic Zone, may, after identifying the area, at his option, make a proposal directly to the Board for the purpose of setting up the Special Economic Zone: Provided that where such a proposal has been received directly from a person under sub-section, the Board may g...